PRION PROTEIN DISEASES
\pɹˈa͡ɪɒn pɹˈə͡ʊtiːn dɪzˈiːzɪz], \pɹˈaɪɒn pɹˈəʊtiːn dɪzˈiːzɪz], \p_ɹ_ˈaɪ_ɒ_n p_ɹ_ˈəʊ_t_iː_n d_ɪ_z_ˈiː_z_ɪ_z]\
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A group of genetic, infectious, or sporadic degenerative human and animal nervous system disorders associated with abnormal PRIONS. These diseases are characterized by conversion of the normal prion protein to an abnormal configuration via a post-translational process. In humans, these conditions generally feature DEMENTIA, ataxia, and a fatal outcome. Diseases in this category include CREUTZFELDT-JAKOB SYNDROME; GERSTMANN-STRAUSSLER-SCHEINKER SYNDROME; KURU; SCRAPIE; fatal familial insomnia; bovine spongiform encephalopathy (see ENCEPHALOPATHY, BOVINE SPONGIFORM); transmissible mink encephalopathy; and chronic wasting disease of mule deer and elk. Pathologic features include a spongiform encephalopathy without evidence of inflammation. The literature occasionally refers to these as unconventional SLOW VIRUS DISEASES. (From Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1998 Nov 10;95 (23):13363-83)
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Dopamine Acetyltransferase
- An enzyme that catalyzes the of groups from acetyl-CoA to arylamines. They have wide specificity for aromatic amines, particularly serotonin, and can also catalyze acetyl transfer between arylamines without CoA. EC 2.3.1.5.