TYPE I NEUROFIBROMATOSES
\tˈa͡ɪp a͡ɪ njˈuːɹəfˌɪbɹəmˌatə͡ʊzɪz], \tˈaɪp aɪ njˈuːɹəfˌɪbɹəmˌatəʊzɪz], \t_ˈaɪ_p aɪ n_j_ˈuː_ɹ_ə_f_ˌɪ_b_ɹ_ə_m_ˌa_t_əʊ_z_ɪ_z]\
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An autosomal dominant inherited disorder (with a high frequency of spontaneous mutations) that features developmental changes in the nervous system, muscles, bones, and skin, most notably in tissue derived from the embryonic neural crest. Multiple hyperpigmented skin lesions and subcutaneous tumors are the hallmark of this disease. Peripheral and central nervous system neoplasms occur frequently, especially OPTIC NERVE GLIOMA and NEUROFIBROSARCOMA. NF1 is caused by mutations which inactivate the NF1 gene on chromosome 17q. The incidence of learning disabilities is also elevated in this condition. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1014-18)
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