OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEAS
\ɒbstɹˈʌktɪv slˈiːp ɐpnˈi͡əz], \ɒbstɹˈʌktɪv slˈiːp ɐpnˈiəz], \ɒ_b_s_t_ɹ_ˈʌ_k_t_ɪ_v s_l_ˈiː_p ɐ_p_n_ˈiə_z]\
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A disorder characterized by recurrent apneas during sleep despite persistent respiratory efforts. It is due to upper airway obstruction. The respiratory pauses may induce HYPERCAPNIA or HYPOXIA. Cardiac ARRHYTHMIA and elevation of systemic and pulmonary arterial pressures may occur. Frequent partial arousals occur throughout sleep, resulting in relative SLEEP DEPRIVATION and daytime tiredness. Associated conditions include OBESITY; ACROMEGALY; MYXEDEMA; micrognathia; MYOTONIC DYSTROPHY; adenotonsilar dystrophy; and NEUROMUSCULAR DISEASES. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p395)
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