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An Armenian poet and historian; born in Constantinople, July 30, 1820. He studied in Venice, where he took orders in 1840, and was appointed professor in the College Raphael, of which he became director in 1848. Having taken charge of the Armenian college in Paris in 1858, he returned to Venice in 1865 as director of Saint Lazare. He is regarded by his countrymen as their leading poet. Among his numerous writings are: "Poems Complete" (1857-67); "Popular Songs of the Armenians" (1867); "Historical Monographs" (1870); "History and Geography of Armenia" (1885), which was seized and suppressed by the Turkish authorities.