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(1823-1878), represented New York in the U.S. Congress as a Democrat from 1853 to 1855. When appointed street commissioner in 1863, he began the organization of the Tweed Ring (q. v.) His position as State Senator from 1867 to 1871, grand sachem of the Tammany society from 1869 to 1871, and commissioner of public works from 1863 to 1871, gave him immense political influence, and every officer in the State became under his sway. He was indicted in 1871 and sentenced in 1873 to twelve years' imprisonment for peculation.