Dictionary.net

The surgeon or medical officer in a hospital who resides in the house.

Resident Surgeon. Usually a senior house-pupil or graduate, who resides in an hospital, and attends to every accident and disease, in the absence of the attending physician or surgeon. It answers, in the British hospitals, to the eleve interne or Interne of the French. The Eleve externe or Externe is a less advanced pupil; from whom Internes are chosen. In ordinary schools, Eleve externe means a day-scholar; whilst eleve interne means a boarder.

Resident surgeon of a hospital.

n. The resident medical officer in a hospital or infirmary.