SPHENOID BONE
\sfˈɛnɔ͡ɪd bˈə͡ʊn], \sfˈɛnɔɪd bˈəʊn], \s_f_ˈɛ_n_ɔɪ_d b_ˈəʊ_n]\
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By DataStellar Co., Ltd
By William R. Warner
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An azygous bone, situate on the median line, and at the base of the cranium. It articulates with all the other bones of that cavity; supports them, and strengthens their union. Its form is singular, and resembles a hat with its wings extended. It has, 1. An inferior or guttural surface, on which is situate the crista, that joins the vomer; a channel, which concurs in forming the pterygo-palatine foramen; the pterygoid process; the pterygoid fossa; the scaphoid depression; the Vidian. or pterygoid canal; the foramina-ovale, spinale, &c. 2. A superior or cerebral surface, on which are: - the clinoid processes; the pituitary fossa; the foramina (ovale, rotundum, and spinale); the Apophysis of Ingrassias or lesser wing; the foramen opticum, &c. 3. An occipital or posterior surf ace, which is articulated with the hasilary process of the occipital bone. 4. An anterior or orbitar nasal surface; having, anteriorly, a crista to unite with the ethmoid bone; and, on each side, a round aperture, which leads into two cavities in the substance of the hone, separated by a middle septum, and called the sphenoidal sinuses. 5. Two zygomato-temporal or external surfaces, which correspond to the temporal and zygomatic fossae. Some divide the sphenoid into body or middle portion; and ala, which are four in number, and are subdivided into great (Temporal Plates or Wings, Alae magna) and little (Apophyses of Ingrassias, Alae mino’res, Processus ensiform’es). The Sphenoid suture surrounds the bone.
By Robley Dunglison
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Procollagen Proline Dioxygenase
- mixed-function oxygenase that catalyzes hydroxylation prolyl-glycyl-containing-peptide, usually in protocollagen, hydroxyprolylglycyl-peptide. The enzyme utilizes molecular oxygen with a concomitant oxidative decarboxylation of 2-oxoglutarate to succinate. EC 1.14.11.2.