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(1802-1870), was driven from France on account of his extreme liberal ideas and his attacks on the ministry of Charles X. He came to the United States in 1826. After studying law at New Orleans, he represented Louisiana in the U.S. Senate as a Democrat in 1847 and from 1849 to 1853. He was Minister to Spain from 1853 to 1855, and was one of the ministers who framed the celebrated "Ostend Manifesto" in 1854. He was an able and eloquent defender of the Southern cause while in public life.