PLATELET TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR
\plˈe͡ɪtlət tɹansfˈɔːmɪŋ ɡɹˈə͡ʊθ fˈaktə], \plˈeɪtlət tɹansfˈɔːmɪŋ ɡɹˈəʊθ fˈaktə], \p_l_ˈeɪ_t_l_ə_t t_ɹ_a_n_s_f_ˈɔː_m_ɪ_ŋ ɡ_ɹ_ˈəʊ_θ f_ˈa_k_t_ə]\
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A factor synthesized in a wide variety of tissues. It acts synergistically with TGF-alpha in inducing phenotypic transformation and can also act as a negative autocrine growth factor. TGF-beta has a potential role in embryonal development, cellular differentiation, hormone secretion, and immune function. TGF-beta is found mostly as homodimer forms of separate gene products TGF-beta1, TGF-beta2 or TGF-beta3. Heterodimers composed of TGF-beta1 and 2 (TGF-beta1.2) or of TGF-beta2 and 3 (TGF-beta2.3) have been isolated. The TGF-beta proteins are synthesized as precursor proteins.
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