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rupture in smooth muscle tissue through which a bodily structure protrudes

rupture in smooth muscle tissue through which a bodily structure protrudes

A protrusion, or sticking out, as of some part of the intestine; rupture.

Rupture; the protrusion of an organ or part of an organ or other structure through the wall of the cavity normally containing it. A hernia is qualified by the name of the protruding part, as cerebral h., vesical h., etc.; of the cavity from which it escapes, as abdominal h.; of the structure or part through which it passes, as diaphragmatic h., inguinal h.; and finally sometimes of another cavity which receives it, as scrotal h. or labial h.

Abnormal visceral protrusion, due to ruptured cavity.

HERNIAL.

A rupture.

Protrusion, as of an intestine; rupture.

A rupture, or the protrusion, through an accidental opening, of part of an organ from its natural cavity.

The protrusion of some part of the abdomen; a rupture.

Any tumour, formed by the displacement of a viscus or a portion of a viscus, which has escaped from its natural cavity by some aperture, and projects externally. Herniae have been divided into,-1. Hernia of the Brain; Encephalocele; 2. Hernia of the Thorax; Pneumocele; 3. Hernia of the Abdomen. Abdominal Hernioe are remarkable for their frequency, variety, and the danger attending them. They are produced by the protrusion of the viscera, contained in the abdomen, through the natural or accidental apertures in the parietes of that cavity. The organs, which form them most frequently, are the intestines and the epiploon. These herniae have been divided, according to the apertures by which they escape, into: 1. Inguinal or Supra-Pubian Herniae. These issue by the inguinal canal: they are called Bubonocele, when small; and Scrotal Hernia or Oscheocele, in man, when they descend into the scrotum: - Vulvar Hernia or Pudendal or Labial Hernia, Episiocele, in women, when they extend to the labia majora. 2. Crural or Femoral Hernia, Merocele, when they issue by the crural canal. 3. when the viscera escape through the opening, which gives passage to the infra-pubian vessels. 4. Ischiatic Hernia; when it takes place through the sacrosciatic notch. 5. Umbilical Hernia, Exomphalos, Omphalocele; when it occurs at the umbilicus or near it. 6. Epigastric Hernia; - occurring through the linea alba, above the umbilicus. 7. Hypogastric or Infra-umbilical Hernia, Coeliocele, Hypogastrocele, - when it occurs through the linea alba below the umbilicus. 8. Perineal Hernia,Mesoscelocele, Hernia perinaei, Perinaeocele, Perineocele-when it takes place through the levator ani,and appears at the perineum. 9. Vaginal Hernia, Coleocele seu Elytrocele- through the parieties of the vagina. 10. Diaphragmatic Hernia, Diaphragmatocele; when it passes through the diaphragm. Herniae are likewise distinguished,-according to the viscera forming them,-into Enterocele, Epiplocele, Entero-epiplocele, Gastrocele, Cystocele, Hepatocele, Splenocele, &c. When a hernia can be restored to its natural cavity, by the aid of pressure, &c., properly applied, it is said to be reducible. It is, on the contrary, irreducible, when adhesion, bulk, &., oppose its return. When the aperture, which has given passage to the hernia, occasions more or less constriction on the protruded portion, the hernia is said to be incarcerated or strangulated; and, if the constriction be not removed, constipation, hiccough, vomiting, and all the signs of violent inflammation, followed by gangrene, supervene, with alteration of the features, small pulse, cold extremities, and death. The therapeutical indications are, - 1. As regards reducible hernia: - to replace the viscera in the abdomen by the taxis; and to retain them there by the use of a truss, which, if properly adapted, may effect a radical cure. 2. As regards irreducible hernia: - to support the tumour by an appropriate suspensory bandage. 3. As regards strangulated hernia :-to have recourse to the taxis; blood-letting; warm bath; tobacco glysters; ice to the tumour; and, if these should not succeed, to perform an operation, which consists in dividing the covering of the hernia, and cutting the aponeurotic ring, which causes the strangulation; - reducing the displaced viscera, unless their diseased condition should require them to be retained without ;-dressing the wound appropriately :-restoring the course of the faeces by means of gentle glysters-preventing or combating inflammation of the abdominal viscera;- conducting the wound to cicatrization, by appropriate means; and afterwards supporting the cicatrix by a bandage. The word hernia was also used, of old, for the scrotum, and, not unfrequently, for the testicle.

Protrusion of a loop or knuckle of an organ or tissue through an abnormal opening.

A protrusion of a part, especially of the whole or a portion of an internal organ, through a potential opening or "weak point" in one or more of the layers forming the wall of the cavity in which it is normally contained (usually the abdomen).

n. [Latin, Greek] An external tumour formed by the protrusion of any internal part through a natural or accidental opening in the inclosing membrane; a rupture.

Any kind of rupture.