GUILLAINE BARRE SYNDROME
\ɡˈɪle͡ɪn bˈɑː sˈɪndɹə͡ʊm], \ɡˈɪleɪn bˈɑː sˈɪndɹəʊm], \ɡ_ˈɪ_l_eɪ_n b_ˈɑː s_ˈɪ_n_d_ɹ_əʊ_m]\
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An acute inflammatory autoimmune neuritis caused by T cell- mediated cellular immune response directed towards peripheral myelin. Demyelination occurs in peripheral nerves and nerve roots. The process is often preceded by a viral or bacterial infection, surgery, immunization, lymphoma, or exposure to toxins. Common clinical manifestations include progressive weakness, loss of sensation, and loss of deep tendon reflexes. Weakness of respiratory muscles and autonomic dysfunction may occur. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1312-1314)
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Olivopontocerebellar Atrophies
- group inherited disorders which share progressive ataxia combination with atrophy CEREBELLUM; PONS; inferior olivary nuclei. Additional features include RIGIDITY; NYSTAGMUS; RETINAL DEGENERATION; MUSCLE SPASTICITY; DEMENTIA; URINARY INCONTINENCE; OPHTHALMOPLEGIA. familial has an earlier onset (second decade) and may feature spinal cord atrophy. sporadic form tends to present in the fifth or sixth decade, is considered a clinical subtype MULTIPLE SYSTEM ATROPHY. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1085)