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lawyer and Senator, was born in Boston in 1818. In i860 be was chairman of the New York delegation to the Republican convention. In 1865 and 1866 he established the unconstitutionality of State taxation of U. S. bonds or National Bank stock, and in 1868 was counsel for President Johnson in the impeachment trial. From 1868 to 1869 he was Attorney-General of the United States, and in 1872 was U. S. counsel on the " Alabama " claims at Geneva. In 1877 he was the Republican counsel before the Electoral Commission, and was Secretary of State from 1877 to 1881, in the Cabinet of President Hayes. He was a delegate to the International Monetary Conference in 1881, and from 1885 to 1891 was a U. S. Senator from New York.