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A Finnish philologist; born at Sammatti, in Nyland, April 9, 1802; died there, March 19, 1884. Recognizing the value of the people's songs and ballads for Finnish language-study, he spent years in collecting such material in Finland, Lapland, and adjoining provinces, and published the fruits of his researches in a series of volumes. Among his "finds" is to be numbered the great popular epic "Kalevala", of which only a few cantos were previously known to the learned world. He wrote a "Finnish-Swedish Dictionary" (2 vols., 1866-80). (See "Kalevala".)