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A French historian; born at Paris, Oct. 24, 1846. He has held professorships at Pau, Bordeaux, and Paris, where he now occupies the chair of mediaeval history in the Faculty of Letters. An authority on the institutions of France in the Feudal Period, he has published: "Monarchical Institutions of France under the First Capetians" (1884), "Studies of the Acts of Louis VII". (1885), both of which received the Gobert Prize offered by the Academy of Inscriptions. Among his recent works are: "The French Communes" (1890); "Louis VI". (1890); and several monographs written in collaboration with M. B. Zeller. In 1891 he was decorated with the Legion of Honor.