Dictionary.net

A great French man of letters and publicist; born at Besancon, Feb. 26, 1802; died at Paris, May 22, 1885. His poems include: "Various Odes and Poems" (1822); "New Odes" (1824); "Odes and Ballads" (1826); "The Orientals" (1829); "Autumn Leaves" (1831); "Twilight Songs" (1835); "Inner Voices" (1837); "Sunbeams and Shadows" (1840); "The Chastisements" (1853); "The Contemplations" (1856-57); "The Legend of the Ages" (1859); "Songs of the Streets and Woods" (1865); "The Terrible Year" (1872); "The Art of Being a Grandfather" (1877); "The Legend of the Ages", second series (1877); "The Pope" (1878); "The Four Winds of the Spirit" (1881); and other volumes of poetry. His plays include: "Cromwell" (1827); "Amy Robsart" (1828), adapted from Scott's "Kenilworth"; "Marion Delorme" (1829); "Hernani" (1830); "Le Roi s'Amuse" (1832); "Lucretia Borgia" (1833); "Marie Tudor" (1833); "Angelo" (1835); "Esmeralda" (1836); "Ruy Blas" (1838); "Les Burgraves" (1843); "Torquemada" (1882); "The Theatre in Freedom" (1886); etc. His prose includes: "Han d'Islande" (1823); "Bug-Jargal" (1826); "The Last Day of a Condemned Man" (1829); "Notre Dame de Paris" (1831); "Literature and Philosophy Blended" (1834); "Claude Gueux" (1834); "The Rhine" (1842); "Napoleon the Little" (1852); "Les Miserables" (1862); "Victor Hugo Revealed by a Witness of his Life" (1863); "William Shakespeare" (1864); "The Toilers of the Sea" (1866); "The Man Who Laughs" (1869); "Acts and Words" (1872-76); "Ninety-Three" (1874); "History of a Crime" (1877-78): (posthumously) "Things Seen" (1887); "Touring: Alps and Pyrenees" (1890); etc.