PORTOSYSTEMIC ENCEPHALOPATHIES
\pˌɔːtəsɪstˈɛmɪk ɛnsˌɛfɐlˈɒpəθɪz], \pˌɔːtəsɪstˈɛmɪk ɛnsˌɛfɐlˈɒpəθɪz], \p_ˌɔː_t_ə_s_ɪ_s_t_ˈɛ_m_ɪ_k ɛ_n_s_ˌɛ_f_ɐ_l_ˈɒ_p_ə_θ_ɪ_z]\
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A syndrome characterized by central nervous system dysfunction in association with LIVER FAILURE, including portal-systemic shunts. Clinical features include lethargy and CONFUSION (frequently progressing to COMA); asterixis; NYSTAGMUS; brisk oculovestibular reflexes; decorticate and decerebrate posturing; MUSCLE SPASTICITY; and bilateral extensor plantar reflexes (see REFLEX, BABINSKI). ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY may demonstrate triphasic waves. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1117-20; Plum & Posner, Diagnosis of Stupor and Coma, 3rd ed, p222-5)
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