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a Republic in southern North America; became independent from Spain in 1810

a Republic in southern North America; became independent from Spain in 1810

The independence of Mexico was recognized by the United States in March, 1822. A treaty of limits was signed in 1828, with additional articles in 1831 and 1835 and a commercial treaty in 1831. The war of 1846 was caused by Mexico's resentment over the annexation of Texas by the United States. After a succession of victories the United States obtained in February, 1848, the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, by which Mexico ceded California, Utah, Arizona and New Mexico to the United States in consideration of a payment of $15,000,000 by the United States and the assumption of $3,000,000 of unsettled claims against Mexico which were paid by the U.S. Government in 1851. By the Gadsden Treaty of 1853 a half million of square miles of territory were added to the United States, and rights of transit over the Isthmus of Tehuantepec. In 1861 an extradition treaty was concluded, and in 1868 a naturalization convention and a convention for the establishment of a claims commission. Claims against Mexico were finally allowed to the amount of about $4,000,000, and against the United States to the amount of about $150,000. A reciprocity convention was concluded in 1883, but is not in operation owing to a failure of the necessary legislation. The boundary between Mexico and the United States was fixed by the Convention of 1884.