HYPERBILIRUBINEMIC ENCEPHALOPATHY
\hˌa͡ɪpəbˌɪləɹˌuːba͡ɪnˈiːmɪk ɛnsˌɛfɐlˈɒpəθɪ], \hˌaɪpəbˌɪləɹˌuːbaɪnˈiːmɪk ɛnsˌɛfɐlˈɒpəθɪ], \h_ˌaɪ_p_ə_b_ˌɪ_l_ə_ɹ_ˌuː_b_aɪ_n_ˈiː_m_ɪ_k ɛ_n_s_ˌɛ_f_ɐ_l_ˈɒ_p_ə_θ_ɪ]\
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A term used pathologically to describe BILIRUBIN staining of the BASAL GANGLIA; BRAIN STEM; and CEREBELLUM and clinically to describe a syndrome associated with HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA. Clinical features include athetosis, MUSCLE SPASTICITY or hypotonia, impaired vertical gaze, and DEAFNESS. Nonconjugated bilirubin enters the brain and acts as a neurotoxin, often in association with conditions that impair the BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER (e.g., SEPSIS). This condition occurs primarily in neonates (INFANT, NEWBORN), but may rarely occur in adults. (Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p613)
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hydromorphic
- [Greek] Structurally adapted to an aquatic environment, as organs of water plants.